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Respiratory viruses associated with severe mechanically ventilated pneumonia in children

Ahmed El-Nawawy1, Manal Am Antonios1, Marwa A Meheissen2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, El-Shatby Children's Hospital Alexandria, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Journal of Medical Virology
|August 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are key causes of severe pediatric pneumonia, particularly in winter. Viral infections significantly increase mortality risk in critically ill children, highlighting rhinovirus

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Virology

Background:

  • Pneumonia poses a significant health burden in children, with viral etiologies being particularly prevalent.
  • Severe pediatric pneumonia often necessitates mechanical ventilation, indicating critical illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the specific viral agents responsible for severe pneumonia in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients.
  • To evaluate the clinical impact and mortality associated with these viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Multiplex PCR analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage samples from pediatric patients with severe pneumonia.
  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data, including comorbidities and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Viral agents were detected in 73.4% of the 75 recruited patients.
  • Rhinovirus (32.1%) and RSV (29.5%) were the most frequently identified viruses.
  • Mortality rate was 56.36% in viral-associated pneumonia, with increased risk in patients with comorbidities and congenital heart disease.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinovirus is a significant, often overlooked, cause of severe pediatric pneumonia, alongside RSV.
  • Viral pneumonia in critically ill children carries a high mortality rate, influenced by underlying health conditions.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of viral pathogens is crucial for managing severe pediatric pneumonia.

Keywords:
bronchoalveolar lavagerhinovirussevere pneumonia

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