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Low-Cost Force Sensors Embedded in Physical Human-Machine Interfaces: Concept, Exemplary Realization on Upper-Body Exoskeleton, and Validation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
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Methodologies for evaluating exoskeletons with industrial applications.

Niclas Hoffmann1,2, Gilbert Prokop1, Robert Weidner1,2

  • 1Department of Production Technologies, Institute of Mechatronics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Ergonomics
|August 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Industrial exoskeleton evaluations lack standardization, hindering system optimization and worker safety. A comprehensive, harmonized methodology is crucial for consistent assessment of these technologies in occupational settings.

Keywords:
Exoskeletonevaluationhuman-machine-interactionindustrial applicationreview

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health and Safety
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Rehabilitation Engineering

Background:

  • Industrial exoskeletons are increasingly adopted in workplaces globally.
  • Current evaluation methods for industrial exoskeletons lack standardization.
  • Inconsistent methodologies impede system comparability and optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and compare evaluation methodologies for industrial exoskeletons.
  • To identify research objectives and analysis types used in existing studies.
  • To propose a harmonized approach for future exoskeleton evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of 74 studies from the 'Web of Science' database.
  • Analysis of evaluation methodologies, research objectives, testing procedures, and sample characteristics.
  • Comparison of study settings, focusing on short-term effects and sample representativeness.

Main Results:

  • Most studies were conducted in laboratory settings, focusing on short-term effects.
  • Samples were predominantly male, limiting generalizability to diverse industrial workforces.
  • Significant heterogeneity exists in evaluation methodologies and research objectives.

Conclusions:

  • Current scientific evaluations of industrial exoskeletons are inconsistent and insufficient.
  • Standardized, multicriteria evaluation methodologies are needed for better system comparability and safety.
  • Harmonized approaches are essential for iterative system optimization and to mitigate health risks.