In vitro fertilization causes excessive glycogen accumulation in mouse placenta

Area of Science:

• Reproductive biology
• Developmental biology
• Metabolic research

Background:

• Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
• Placental function, particularly glycogen metabolism, is crucial for fetal growth and health.
• Mechanisms underlying ART-related placental complications remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on placental glycogen storage in a mouse model.
• To explore the role of glycogen metabolism and the Akt-Gsk3β pathway in IVF-associated placental changes.

Main Methods:

• Collected mouse placentas at E18.5 following natural mating or IVF.
• Measured placental and fetal weights.
• Quantified glycogen content and analyzed gene expression related to glycogen metabolism, glucose transport, and Akt/Gsk3β phosphorylation.

Main Results:

• IVF resulted in significantly increased placental weight and junctional area.
• Excessive glycogen accumulation was observed in IVF placentas.
• Decreased mRNA levels of genes involved in glycogen synthesis andolysis, and reduced expression of key enzymes and glucose transporters were noted.
• Inhibition of Akt and Gsk3β phosphorylation was detected in IVF placentas.

Conclusions:

• IVF induces placental enlargement and abnormal glycogen storage in late pregnancy in mice.
• These alterations are potentially mediated by the Akt-Gsk3β signaling pathway.
• Further research is needed to understand the long-term implications for offspring health.