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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Interorbital coupling is typically forbidden in photonic lattices due to propagation constant detuning.
  • Exciting orthogonal orbital states requires overcoming intrinsic detuning barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate interorbital coupling between fundamental and excited orbital states in photonic lattices.
  • To characterize asymmetric double-well potentials and map light dynamics.
  • To propose applications in spatial mode conversion and phase beam splitting.

Main Methods:

  • Femtosecond (fs) laser writing technique for creating photonic potentials.
  • Characterization of asymmetric double-well-like potentials.
  • Spatial scanning method to map propagation dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Experimental demonstration of interorbital coupling between distinct spatial positions.
  • Full characterization of asymmetric potentials and propagation dynamics.
  • Observation of effective negative coupling for phase manipulation.

Conclusions:

  • Interorbital coupling is achievable in specifically engineered photonic potentials.
  • The findings provide a direct solution for spatial mode converters on photonic chips.
  • A trimer configuration is proposed as a phase beam splitter for photonic operations.