Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 23, 2025
07:23
Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
Published on: May 30, 2025
780
LncRNA H19: A novel oncogene in multiple cancers
Jun Yang1, Manlong Qi2, Xiang Fei3
1Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
International Journal of Biological Sciences
|August 23, 2021
Summary
Long non-coding RNA H19 (H19) is overexpressed in human cancers, acting as an oncogene. This review highlights H19
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Oncology
Background:
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in cellular processes.
- Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in various diseases, particularly cancers.
- The lncRNA H19 (H19) is frequently ectopically expressed in human malignant tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the aberrant overexpression of H19 in human cancers.
- To elucidate the oncogenic roles of H19 in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
- To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of H19 in oncology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating H19 expression and function in cancer.
- Analysis of H19's involvement in key cancer hallmarks: growth, invasion, migration, EMT, metastasis, and apoptosis.
- Examination of H19's role as a microRNA sponge in cancer regulation.
Main Results:
- H19 is consistently overexpressed across a wide range of human malignancies.
- H19 promotes cancer progression by enhancing cell proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis.
- H19 contributes to cancer development by inhibiting apoptosis and sequestering microRNAs.
Conclusions:
- H19 functions as a potent oncogene in human cancers.
- The abnormal overexpression of H19 presents significant potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies.
- Further research into H19 mechanisms is warranted for clinical applications in oncology.
Related Concept Videos
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
9.1K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
9.1K
03:18Non-LTR Retrotransposons
12.2K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
12.2K
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
4.7K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.7K
01:12Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
5.3K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
5.3K
01:05Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
8.4K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.4K
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
9.4K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.4K