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Diabetes and Heart Failure: Multi-Omics Approaches
Akram Tayanloo-Beik1, Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari2, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani3
1Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Frontiers in Physiology
|August 23, 2021
Summary
Type 2 diabetes significantly worsens heart failure through mechanisms like oxidative stress and impaired calcium handling. Omics-driven research offers new diagnostic and treatment targets for these interconnected conditions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes and heart failure are major global health issues with high morbidity and mortality.
- Type 2 diabetes exacerbates heart failure, affecting 44% of patients and increasing complications like stroke and kidney injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review omics-driven discoveries for diagnosing and treating type 2 diabetes and heart failure.
- To focus on common molecular and cellular pathways involved in both diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent omics-driven research findings.
- Focus on molecular mechanisms including oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, autonomic dysfunction, metabolic changes, and calcium homeostasis.
Main Results:
- Key mediators in oxidative stress include advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein kinase C (PKC), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB).
- Impaired calcium homeostasis involves reduced protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), and phosphorylated SERCA2a.
Conclusions:
- Understanding shared molecular pathways is crucial for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- Omics technologies provide novel targets for managing type 2 diabetes and heart failure concurrently.
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