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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Aging Does Not Enhance Social Contagion Effect.

Susana Carnero-Sierra1, Julio Menor1

  • 1Área Psicología Básica, Psychology Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.

Frontiers in Psychology
|August 23, 2021
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Summary

Older and younger adults both experienced false memories from social contagion. Despite older adults having memory deficits, their susceptibility to these false memories was similar to younger adults.

Keywords:
agingfalse memoryfalse recallmemory illusionssocial contagion

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Social contagion of memory demonstrates the creation of false memories through others' incorrect responses.
  • This phenomenon can occur without physical presence, highlighting the power of social influence on memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in susceptibility to false memories induced by social contagion.
  • To examine how presentation time and item typicality influence the social contagion of memory across age groups.

Main Methods:

  • A modified social contagion paradigm was used with 20 older and 20 younger adults.
  • Participants viewed household scenes and were exposed to false memory reports from an implied confederate.
  • Scene presentation time and item typicality were manipulated during the study.

Main Results:

  • A significant social contagion effect was found in both older and younger adults.
  • More typical items led to a greater contagion effect compared to less typical items.
  • Older adults exhibited lower true recall than younger adults, indicating an episodic memory deficit.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults, despite episodic memory deficits, are not more susceptible to social contagion of memory than younger adults.
  • The typicality of memory items significantly influences the social contagion effect across age groups.
  • Social influence on memory operates similarly in older and younger adults, irrespective of baseline memory performance.