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Eales' Disease: When the Rare Sounds Frequent.
Beatriz Oliveira Lopes1, Margarida Sena Brízido1, Ana Isabel Reis2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Beatriz Ângelo Hospital, Loures, Portugal.
Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine
|August 23, 2021
Summary
Eales' disease, a retinal vasculitis, may link to tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and treatment with antitubercular therapy, steroids, and photocoagulation are key for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Eales' disease is a peripheral retinal phlebitis with unknown causes.
- A potential link to hypersensitivity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins suggests an immunologic basis.
Observation:
- Three Caucasian male patients (27-58 years) presented with vitreous hemorrhage and/or peripheral venous vasculitis.
- All patients had positive results for both the Mantoux screening test and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).
Findings:
- Therapeutic strategies included antituberculosis therapy, systemic steroids, and retinal scatter photocoagulation.
- Two patients also required intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.
- Eales' disease is a diagnosis of exclusion due to overlapping symptoms with other retinal conditions.
Implications:
- Prompt diagnosis and tailored treatment are crucial for controlling Eales' disease.
- Effective management can prevent severe ophthalmologic complications.
- Understanding the immunologic link may guide future therapeutic targets.
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