Pseudomonas capsici sp. nov., a plant-pathogenic bacterium isolated from pepper leaf in Georgia, USA

Three phytopathogenic bacterial strains (Pc19-1^T, Pc19-2 and Pc19-3) were isolated from seedlings displaying water-soaked, dark brown-to-black, necrotic lesions on pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaves in Georgia, USA. Upon isolation on King's medium B, light cream-coloured colonies were observed and a diffusible fluorescent pigment was visible under ultraviolet light. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they belonged to the genus Pseudomonas, with the highest similarity to Pseudomonas cichorii ATCC 10857^T (99.7 %). The fatty acid analysis revealed that the majority of the fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C_{16  :  1} ω7c/C_{16  :  1} ω6c), C_{16  :  0} and summed feature 8 (C_{18  :  1} ω7c/C_{18  :  1} ω6c). Phylogenomic analyses based on whole genome sequences demonstrated that the pepper strains belonged to the Pseudomonas syringae complex with P. cichorii as their closest neighbour, and formed a separate monophyletic clade from other species. Between the pepper strains and P. cichorii, the average nucleotide identity values were 91.3 %. Furthermore, the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of the pepper strains when compared to their closest relatives, including P. cichorii, were 45.2 % or less. In addition, biochemical and physiological features were examined in this study and the results indicate that the pepper strains represent a novel Pseudomonas species. Therefore, we propose a new species Pseudomonas capsici sp. nov., with Pc19-1^T (=CFBP 8884^T=LMG 32209^T) as the type strain. The DNA G+C content of the strain Pc19-1^T is 58.4 mol%.