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Cognitive decline in Huntington's disease in the Digitalized Arithmetic Task (DAT).

Marine Lunven1,2,3,4, Jennifer Hamet Bagnou1,2,3,4, Katia Youssov1,2,3,4

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A new digitized arithmetic task (DAT) effectively detects cognitive decline in early Huntington's disease (HD) patients. This reliable, motor-free tool shows promise for clinical trials in neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Huntington's disease (HD) research requires sensitive cognitive tasks for tracking longitudinal decline in small patient cohorts.
  • The digitized arithmetic task (DAT) was developed to assess inner language and executive functions efficiently within approximately 4 minutes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of the digitized arithmetic task (DAT) in early-stage Huntington's disease (HD).
  • To determine if DAT can detect cognitive deterioration over one year and correlate with neuroimaging findings in HD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed DAT psychometric properties across three languages and four European sites in 77 early-stage HD patients and 57 controls.
  • Conducted a one-year follow-up with 48 HD patients and 34 controls, including MRI brain imaging at baseline and follow-up.
  • Utilized linear mixed models and Pearson correlations to analyze cognitive performance, clinical assessments, and neuroimaging data.

Main Results:

  • HD patients exhibited significantly lower accuracy and longer response times on DAT compared to controls at baseline.
  • DAT demonstrated good to excellent test-retest reliability for response time and acceptable reliability for accuracy in HD patients.
  • DAT, alongside other established measures, detected cognitive decline within one year in HD patients and correlated with striatal atrophy over time.

Conclusions:

  • The digitized arithmetic task (DAT) is a fast, reliable, motor-free, and multilingual tool for detecting cognitive decline in small HD cohorts.
  • DAT's ability to correlate cognitive changes with striatal atrophy makes it a valuable potential endpoint for future clinical trials in HD and other neurodegenerative diseases.