Second-generation Liquid Platelet Concentrates: A Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Biomaterials Science
• Hematology

Background:

• Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation autologous platelet concentrate.
• It is unique among second-generation concentrates for being available in a liquid form without external additives.
• Its liquid state enables diverse applications, including injections and combination with biomaterials like bone grafts or antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review modifications of the injectable/liquid PRF protocol since its introduction in 2015.
• To discuss the potential applications of injectable PRF.
• To identify future research directions for injectable PRF.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on injectable/liquid PRF modifications.
• Analysis of proposed protocol changes (e.g., centrifugation speed, time).
• Exploration of documented and potential applications.

Main Results:

• Various modifications to the original PRF protocol have been proposed to enhance biological and mechanical properties.
• Injectable PRF demonstrates broad applicability in regenerative medicine and surgery.
• Specific modifications aim to optimize PRF for different clinical scenarios.

Conclusions:

• Injectable PRF is a promising autologous biomaterial with evolving preparation methods.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate its therapeutic potential and optimize protocols for specific applications.
• Continued investigation into PRF modifications will expand its clinical utility.