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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

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Multigenerational epigenetic inheritance: Transmitting information across generations.

Nicholas O Burton1, Eric L Greer2

  • 1Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK; Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|August 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic inheritance transmits traits without altering DNA, influencing organismal phenotypes across life. Understanding these non-genetic mechanisms is crucial for biology and human health.

Keywords:
DNA methylationEpigeneticsHistone methylationIntergenerationalNon-MendellianNon-geneticSmall RNAsTransgenerational epigenetic inheritance

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Area of Science:

  • * Evolutionary Biology
  • * Genetics
  • * Molecular Biology

Background:

  • * Inherited epigenetic information influences diverse organismal phenotypes across taxa.
  • * Epigenetic inheritance plays a significant role in biological inheritance.
  • * Molecular mediators of non-genetic information transmission are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To provide a framework for interpreting findings on epigenetic inheritance.
  • * To define mechanisms mediating epigenetic inheritance and persistence across generations.
  • * To advance understanding of how non-genetic information is transmitted and deciphered.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review and synthesis of existing research on epigenetic inheritance.
  • * Development of a conceptual framework for understanding epigenetic mechanisms.
  • * Categorization of epigenetic inheritance types and their generational stability.

Main Results:

  • * Epigenetic inheritance influences phenotypes without genetic code alteration.
  • * Various mechanisms mediate the transmission and persistence of epigenetic information.
  • * The field is progressing in deciphering how non-genetic information is passed to offspring.

Conclusions:

  • * Epigenetic inheritance is a fundamental biological process with broad implications.
  • * Understanding epigenetic mechanisms is key to explaining adaptation and disease.
  • * Further research will illuminate the role of epigenetic inheritance in diverse biological contexts.