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Author Spotlight: Scaling Microalgal Biotechnology for Enhanced Biomethane Production
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Carbon-negative and high-rate nutrient removal using mixotrophic microalgae.

Muhammad Mubashar1, Zulfiqar Ahmad2, Cheng Li2

  • 1Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Bioresource Technology
|August 24, 2021
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Summary

Mixotrophic microalgae significantly enhance nitrogen removal from wastewater. Optimizing the balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy in mixotrophy offers a sustainable solution for carbon-negative wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

Keywords:
Autotrophic/heterotrophic sharesInternal carbon cyclingMixotrophic microalgaeNegative carbon emissionsWastewater nutrient removal

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Wastewater Treatment

Background:

  • Mixotrophic microalgae show promise for wastewater nutrient removal.
  • The specific contributions of autotrophy and heterotrophy to nutrient removal and carbon balance in mixotrophy remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify autotrophy/heterotrophy shares in mixotrophic microalgae.
  • To model nitrogen (N) removal rates and carbon budgets under varying mixotrophic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of autotrophy and heterotrophy contributions in mixotrophic microalgae.
  • Modeling of N removal rates and carbon budgets across different autotrophy/heterotrophy ratios.

Main Results:

  • Mixotrophic N removal rate reached 2.09 mg L-1h-1, surpassing autotrophic (0.97 mg L-1h-1) and heterotrophic (1.25 mg L-1h-1) controls.
  • Autotrophy and heterotrophy contributed 1.15 mg L-1h-1 and 0.94 mg L-1h-1 to N removal, respectively.
  • A balanced 6:4 autotrophy/heterotrophy share achieved >2 mg L-1h-1 N removal with a negative carbon budget of 6.21 mg L-1h-1.

Conclusions:

  • Mixotrophic microalgae offer superior N removal efficiency compared to purely autotrophic or heterotrophic cultivation.
  • Achieving a balanced autotrophy/heterotrophy ratio is key for maximizing nutrient removal and achieving carbon-negative wastewater treatment.
  • This approach supports sustainable wastewater treatment and resource recycling.