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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
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Central macular OCTA parameters in glaucoma.

Takashi Nishida1, Won Hyuk Oh1,2, Sasan Moghimi1

  • 1Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|August 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area did not differ between glaucoma patients and healthy individuals. However, reduced foveal vessel density (FD300) correlated with poorer visual field function in glaucoma suspects and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Keywords:
glaucomaimagingintraocular pressuremacula

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by visual field loss.
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) allows for detailed imaging of retinal vasculature, including the foveal avascular zone (FAZ).
  • Understanding the relationship between FAZ parameters and visual field defects is crucial for glaucoma diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters measured by OCTA and central visual field parameters.
  • To compare FAZ parameters and visual field function in healthy subjects, glaucoma suspects, and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Main Methods:

  • 188 subjects (248 eyes) including healthy, glaucoma suspect, and POAG patients underwent OCTA and standard automated perimetry (24-2 and 10-2 SITA).
  • OCTA-derived FAZ area, FAZ circumference, and foveal vessel density (FD300) were measured.
  • Linear mixed models were used to assess correlations between FAZ parameters and visual field metrics.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in axial length-adjusted FAZ area was found among the three groups.
  • Foveal vessel density (FD300) was lower in glaucoma suspect and POAG eyes compared to healthy eyes, though not statistically significant.
  • Lower FD300 was significantly associated with worse visual field mean deviation and foveal threshold (p<0.05).
  • A smaller FAZ area was associated with lower intraocular pressure (IOP) (p=0.026).

Conclusions:

  • Foveal vessel density (FD300), not FAZ area, correlated with central visual field parameters in all studied groups.
  • A smaller FAZ area was linked to lower intraocular pressure.
  • These findings suggest FD300 may serve as a potential biomarker for visual field deficits in glaucoma.