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Stylo-Jugular Venous Compression Syndrome: Lessons Based on a Case Report
Renato Farina1, Pietro Valerio Foti1, Isabella Pennisi1
1Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
The American Journal of Case Reports
|August 24, 2021
Summary
Eagle syndrome, caused by an elongated styloid process, can lead to rare cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Early diagnosis with Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography is crucial for effective treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Surgery
- Radiology
Background:
- Eagle syndrome involves vascular compression from an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament.
- Stylo-jugular venous compression syndrome, a subtype, specifically impacts the internal jugular vein.
- Treatment options range from medication to surgical interventions like stenting or styloid process removal.
Observation:
- A rare case of left cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and ipsilateral internal jugular vein stenosis was identified.
- The condition in a 36-year-old woman was attributed to an excessively long left styloid process.
- Symptoms included recurrent drug-resistant headaches and recent memory disturbances.
Findings:
- Multidetector computed tomography-angiography and Doppler ultrasound confirmed left cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and left internal jugular vein stenosis.
- Doppler ultrasound proved sensitive in identifying jugular vein stenosis and estimating its severity.
- The patient's symptoms gradually improved with anticoagulant therapy.
Implications:
- Compression of the jugular vein by the styloid process is an uncommon but potentially serious condition.
- Prompt diagnosis using Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography is vital for appropriate management.
- Untreated cases can lead to severe health consequences.
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