Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
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Published on: December 17, 2010

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Immunotherapy-Induced Anterior Hypophysitis

Pranali S Pachika1, Razwana Khanam2, Seemal Faisal2

  • 1Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center-McKeesport, Pittsburgh, USA.

Cureus
|August 25, 2021
PubMed

Immunotherapy-based regimens are currently the standard treatment for many different types of cancers. Monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T lymphocytes antigen (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), and PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) are the major subgroups of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are being used widely in the treatment of various malignancies. They function by reactivating the immune system against the tumor cells but can also trigger autoimmune side effects, which are termed immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). In this report, we present a case of irAEs in a patient treated for colorectal cancer with combination therapy with ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4 antibody) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1 antibody).

Keywords:
cancer-immunotherapycheckpoint inhibitorshypophysitisimmunotherapy-related adverse eventsipilimumabnivolumabpd-1pd-l1

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