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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: May 24, 2024
Comparison of Y-90 and Ho-166 Dosimetry Using Liver Phantom: A Monte Carlo Study7
Ayşe Karadeniz Yıldırım1, Handan Tanyıldızı Kökkülünk2
1Opticianry Program, Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul, -34295, Turkey.
Background:
It is estimated that more than 1 million people are diagnosed with liver malignancy each year and one of the treatments is radioembolization with Y-90 and Ho-166.
Objective:
The aim of this study is to calculate the absorbed doses caused by Y-90 and Ho-166 in tumor and liver parenchyma using a phantom via Monte Carlo method.
Methods:
A liver model phantom including a tumor imitation of sphere (r =1.5cm) was defined in GATE. The total activity of 40 mCi Y-90 and Ho-166 was prescribed into tumor imitation as source and 2x2x2 mm3 voxel-sized Dose- Actors were identified at 30 locations. The simulation, performed to calculate the absorbed doses left by particles during 1 second for Y-90 and Ho-166, was run for a total of 10 days and 11 days, respectively. Total doses were calculated by taking the doses occurring in 1 second as a reference.
Results:
The maximum absorbed doses were found to be 2.334E+03±1.576E+01 Gy for Y-90 and 7.006E+02±6.013E- 01 Gy for Ho-166 at the center of tumor imitation. The minimum absorbed doses were found to be 2.133E-03±1.883E- 01 Gy for Y-90 and 1.152E-02±1.036E-03 Gy for Ho-166 at the farthest location from source. The mean absorbed doses in tumor imitation were found to be 1.50E+03±1.36E+00 Gy and 4.58E+02±4.75E-01 Gy for Y-90 and Ho-166, respectively. And, the mean absorbed doses in normal parenchymal tissue were found to be2.07E+01±9.58E-02 Gy and 3.79E+00±2.63E-02 Gy for Y-90 and Ho-166, respectively.
Conclusion:
Based on the results, Ho-166 is a good alternative to Y-90 according to dosimetric evaluation.
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