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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Unactivated Alkyl Chloride Reactivity in Excited-State Palladium Catalysis
Krishnamoorthy Muralirajan1, Rajesh Kancherla1, Aidana Gimnkhan1
1KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Excited-state palladium catalysis is an efficient process for the alkylation of diverse organic compounds via the generation of alkyl radicals from alkyl bromides and iodides. However, the generation of alkyl radicals from more stable alkyl chlorides remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the excited-state palladium-catalyzed synthesis of oxindoles and isoquinolinediones via alkylation/annulation reaction by overcoming inherent limitations associated with unactivated C(sp3)-Cl bond activation at room temperature.
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