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A Case Report of Guillain-Barre Syndrome in an Eleven-Month Infant
Rossela Vega-Castro1, Miguel Garcia-Dominguez2, Edgardo Tostado-Morales3
1Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Hospital Pediatrico de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico.
Insights
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disorder causing nerve damage. This case highlights GBS in an 11-month-old infant, emphasizing its rarity in very young children.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute, immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy.
- It primarily affects motor nerves, leading to progressive weakness, ataxia, and areflexia.
- GBS is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children, though incidence is low in those under 18.
Observation:
- This report details an 11-month-old male infant presenting with significant weakness and inability to ambulate.
- The infant's symptoms were indicative of a neurological disorder.
- Diagnosis of GBS was established in this young patient.
Findings:
- The case represents an extremely rare occurrence of GBS in an infant under 12 months of age.
- It underscores the potential for GBS to manifest even in the youngest pediatric populations.
- The presentation involved typical GBS symptoms of weakness and motor dysfunction.
Implications:
- This case expands the known clinical spectrum of GBS in infants.
- It highlights the importance of considering GBS in the differential diagnosis of acute flaccid paralysis in very young children.
- Further research into GBS in infants may improve early diagnosis and management strategies.
Abstract:
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated progressive predominantly motor symmetric polyradiculoneuropathy which causes demyelination and leads to weakness, ataxia and areflexia. There are a variety of forms of the syndrome; and despite being the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children, it has a low incidence under 18 years old, and it is even rarer in children less than 2 years of age. Very few cases have been reported under 12 months of age. We describe a case of an 11-month-old male infant presenting with weakness and inability to ambulate who was diagnosed with GBS.
