Actor-center framing on measuring land use conflict visibility

Land use conflict's visibility assessments are often reserved to descriptive reports in their measurement of a conflict depth. The existing literature has limited the ability to measure the degree of the conflict visibility. In light of this deficiency, we establish a technique to measure the degree of both latent and manifest conflicts using the actor-centered framing. This heuristics approach is focused on the gradation of interaction between conflicted actors by juxtaposing state and local community actors in defending their interest. We measure how state actors deploy policy instruments, mobilizing resources and interventions, and vice versa observing local actors that seek to internalize their issues and interests and getting public attention by building alliances and advocacy. This paper proposes a novel framework for exploring what is implied by latent and manifest tensions between local community and land use government institutions in greater depth. Practitioners will be able to get a better understanding of the conflict visibility, and to develop suitable intervention in conflict in order to reach a manageable situation. This paper also generates possible hypotheses for future research by examining how actors develop and utilize policy instruments for their interest in managing land use conflict. • Juxtaposing powerless and dominant actors. • The gradation points of latent and manifest in conflict visibility continuum. • Actors' tendencies toward the conflict.