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Predicting physical distancing over time during COVID-19: testing an integrated model.

Martin S Hagger1,2,3, Stephanie R Smith3, Jacob J Keech3,4

  • 1Social and Health Psychology Behavioral Research for Prevention and Promotion (SHARPP) Lab, Department of Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, USA.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Social cognition, including norms and perceived behavioral control, consistently predicted COVID-19 physical distancing intentions. Intention and habit predicted behavior over time, informing interventions.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Physical distancing is a critical COVID-19 preventive behavior.
  • Understanding the psychological drivers of sustained physical distancing is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply an integrated social cognition model to predict physical distancing behavior over four months.
  • To identify key predictors of intention and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A three-wave longitudinal survey (N=601) of Australian and US residents.
  • Measured social cognition (attitude, subjective norm, moral norm, perceived behavioral control [PBC]), intention, habit, and physical distancing behavior.
  • Utilized structural equation modeling.

Main Results:

  • Subjective norm, moral norm, and PBC consistently predicted physical distancing intention across all time points.
  • Intention and habit predicted physical distancing behavior over time.
  • Intention and habit mediated the effects of social cognition and prior behavior on subsequent behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Normative beliefs (subjective and moral norms) and personal capacity (PBC) are crucial for maintaining physical distancing intention.
  • Intention and habit are key drivers of sustained physical distancing behavior.
  • Interventions should target normative beliefs, personal capacity, and habit formation for effective physical distancing promotion.