Cariogenic Biofilms: Development, Properties, and Biomimetic Preventive Agents

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Microbiology
• Dental Research

Background:

• Oral biofilms form rapidly on dental tissues after cleaning.
• Saliva naturally buffers acids produced by oral microorganisms.
• Current oral care products primarily use remineralizing agents, often lacking additional active compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review oral biofilms and active compounds in modern oral care.
• To focus on the interaction of inorganic compounds with oral biofilms.
• To summarize the scientific basis for incorporating additional active ingredients into oral care formulations.

Main Methods:

• This narrative review included books, review articles, and original research papers.
• Data synthesis focused on oral biofilms and active compounds.
• Emphasis was placed on inorganic compounds and their mechanisms.

Main Results:

• Inorganic compounds, particularly those based on calcium and/or phosphate, present advantages over organic compounds in oral care.
• Examples include sodium bicarbonate, hydroxyapatite, and calcium carbonate.
• These compounds can inhibit demineralization and buffer acids.

Conclusions:

• Inorganic compounds offer significant potential as active ingredients in oral care products.
• Their ability to release calcium, hydroxide, and phosphate ions enhances oral health benefits.
• Further research into these compounds can lead to improved oral care formulations.