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Seroprevalence of Aspergillus-Specific IgG Antibody among Mozambican Tuberculosis Patients

Helmut J F Salzer1, Isabel Massango2, Nilesh Bhatt2

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kepler University Hospital, 4021 Linz, Austria.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Seroprevalence of Aspergillus-specific IgG antibodies differs between HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This finding aids in diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in resource-limited settings.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a serious complication of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).
  • Aspergillus-specific IgG antibodies are valuable biomarkers for CPA diagnosis, particularly in areas with limited healthcare resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the seroprevalence of Aspergillus-specific IgG antibodies in Mozambican patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment.
  • To explore potential differences in seroprevalence between HIV-negative and HIV-positive individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective pilot study involved 61 Mozambican tuberculosis patients.
  • Aspergillus-specific IgG antibody levels were measured using ImmunoCAP® at multiple time points during and after TB treatment.

Main Results:

  • Among 21 HIV-negative PTB patients, 3 showed positive Aspergillus-specific IgG levels throughout treatment, with levels rising significantly by end of treatment (EOT).
  • Two additional HIV-negative patients seroconverted by EOT.
  • Notably, none of the 40 HIV-positive PTB patients had positive Aspergillus-specific IgG antibodies at any point; probable CPA was diagnosed in one HIV-negative patient (5%).

Conclusions:

  • Aspergillus-specific IgG antibody seroprevalence appears to vary between HIV-negative and HIV-positive PTB patients in Mozambique.
  • Future research on post-tuberculosis lung disease should consider CPA as a critical complication.
Keywords:
Aspergillus IgG antibodyMozambiquechronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA)human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)seroprevalencetuberculosis (TB)

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