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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

100.7K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
100.7K
Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics

25.4K
Enzyme kinetics studies the rates of biochemical reactions. Scientists monitor the reaction rates for a particular enzymatic reaction at various substrate concentrations. Additional trials with inhibitors or other molecules that affect the reaction rate may also be performed.
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
25.4K
Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

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Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
85.1K
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

80.9K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
80.9K
Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis01:13

Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis

9.3K
For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
9.3K
Enzyme Inhibition01:30

Enzyme Inhibition

85.5K
Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System
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Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Published on: August 8, 2016

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Revealing enzyme functional architecture via high-throughput microfluidic enzyme kinetics.

C J Markin1, D A Mokhtari1, F Sunden1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

High-Throughput Microfluidic Enzyme Kinetics (HT-MEK) enables rapid characterization of enzyme variants. This platform maps enzyme function to specific residue regions, advancing molecular understanding for medicine and engineering.

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Last Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System
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Fast Enzymatic Processing of Proteins for MS Detection with a Flow-through Microreactor
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Fast Enzymatic Processing of Proteins for MS Detection with a Flow-through Microreactor

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Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Enzyme Kinetics

Background:

  • Enzyme efficiency is crucial for medicine and engineering.
  • Systematic investigation of enzyme variants is needed.
  • Existing methods limit high-throughput characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce High-Throughput Microfluidic Enzyme Kinetics (HT-MEK) platform.
  • Enable high-throughput expression, purification, and characterization of enzyme variants.
  • Map enzyme function to specific residue regions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a microfluidic platform (HT-MEK).
  • Characterized 1036 mutants of alkaline phosphatase PafA.
  • Performed over 670,000 reactions to determine kinetic and physical constants.

Main Results:

  • Uncovered extensive kinetic partitioning to a misfolded state.
  • Isolated catalytic effects and identified functional residue regions.
  • Mapped enzyme architecture from active site to surface, revealing structure-function relationships.

Conclusions:

  • HT-MEK facilitates large-scale enzyme variant characterization.
  • Identified specific residue regions critical for enzyme function.
  • Provides a novel approach for understanding enzyme mechanisms and design.