Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 22, 2025
08:17
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
Published on: August 25, 2017
11.2K
Parenchymal destruction in asthma: Fixed airflow obstruction and lung function trajectory
Kaoruko Shimizu1, Naoya Tanabe2, Akira Oguma1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|August 26, 2021
Summary
Parenchymal destruction, indicated by lower exponent D and higher low-attenuation area percentage (LAA%), contributes to fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) and accelerated FEV1 decline in asthma patients, irrespective of smoking status.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Radiology
- Respiratory Physiology
Background:
- Fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) in asthma is often attributed to airway remodeling.
- Parenchymal destruction may also play a role in FAO and declining lung function (FEV1).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate parenchymal destruction using emphysema indices (exponent D, LAA%) on CT scans.
- To determine if parenchymal destruction and airway disease independently associate with FAO and FEV1 decline in asthma, considering smoking status.
Main Methods:
- Measured exponent D, LAA%, airway wall area percentage, and airway fractal dimension (AFD) on inspiratory CT scans.
- Compared these measures between asthma patients (with and without FAO) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.
Main Results:
- COPD and asthma with FAO exhibited lower exponent D and higher LAA% compared to asthma without FAO.
- Decreased exponent D and increased LAA% were linked to FAO, independent of smoking status or asthma severity.
- Multivariable analysis confirmed that decreased exponent D and increased LAA% were associated with increased odds of FAO and reduced FEV1, independent of airway measures.
Conclusions:
- Asthma patients with FAO demonstrate parenchymal destruction, irrespective of smoking status or severity.
- Parenchymal destruction is associated with accelerated FEV1 decline.
- This suggests that both airway and parenchymal disease contribute to the pathophysiology in a subset of asthma patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
3.3K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation
3.3K
01:20Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
855
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
855
01:26Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
3.4K
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
3.4K
01:23The Bronchial Tree
4.2K
The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
4.2K
01:19Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
2.0K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
2.0K
01:24Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications
2.7K
Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
Classification of Asthma
2.7K