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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Mutations01:39

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Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity
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Somatic Mutations and Autoimmunity.

Maha Alriyami1, Constantin Polychronakos2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.

Cells
|August 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Somatic mutations, which are non-inherited changes in cells, may drive autoimmune diseases by allowing self-reactive lymphocytes to evade immune system checkpoints. This discovery offers a new perspective on the causes of autoimmunity.

Keywords:
autoimmunitylymphocytessomatic mutations

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Autoimmune diseases affect nearly 5% of Western populations, stemming from immune responses against self-antigens.
  • Despite extensive research, the exact causes of autoimmunity remain elusive, with no existing cures.
  • Both genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to autoimmune disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the novel role of somatic mutations as a potential risk factor in the development of autoimmune diseases.
  • To propose a new hypothesis linking somatic mutations to the breakdown of immune tolerance in autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a hypothesis-driven exploration.
  • It reviews existing knowledge on autoimmune disease mechanisms and somatic mutations.

Main Results:

  • Somatic mutations, which are stochastic and non-inherited, are proposed as a novel contributor to autoimmunity.
  • These mutations may enable self-reactive lymphocytes to bypass regulatory checkpoints, leading to persistent proliferation and autoimmune conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Somatic mutations represent a potential missing piece in understanding autoimmunity etiology.
  • This novel concept could shift the paradigm for autoimmune disease research and treatment strategies.