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Sleep Disorders in Pediatric Migraine: A Questionnaire-Based Study

Alessandra Voci1, Oliviero Bruni2, Michela Ada Noris Ferilli3

  • 1Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Sleep disorders are common in pediatric migraine, often increasing headache frequency and severity. Improving sleep may reduce migraine intensity and disability in children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • High comorbidity exists between migraine and sleep disorders (SD).
  • A mutual dependence between sleep and headache is observed.
  • Pediatric migraine significantly impacts quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between headache features and sleep in pediatric migraine.
  • To investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders in children and adolescents with migraine.
  • To assess the impact of sleep disorders on migraine frequency, severity, and treatment efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Parents of pediatric migraine patients completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD).
  • Headache characteristics, including frequency, severity, and treatment efficacy, were recorded.
  • Sleep disorders were identified based on CSHQ scores.

Main Results:

  • Sleep disorders were detected in 72.9% of 140 subjects, with only 5.0% previously diagnosed.
  • Patients with SD showed significantly higher headache frequency (p=0.031) and migraine equivalents (p=0.007).
  • Higher CSHQ scores correlated with increased severe attacks (p=0.012) and reduced acute drug efficacy (p=0.003).

Conclusions:

  • Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in pediatric migraine and frequently underdiagnosed.
  • Sleep disorders are associated with increased headache severity and decreased treatment response.
  • Improving sleep quality may reduce migraine intensity and disability in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
CSHQheadachemigrainesleepsleep disorders

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