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Infection Spread, Recovery, and Fatality from Coronavirus in Different Provinces of Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Muberek Alharbi1, Syed Imam Rabbani1, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq2
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Insights
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted Saudi Arabia starting March 2020, peaking in June-July. Analysis of spread, recovery, and mortality patterns in Saudi Arabia can inform future pandemic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Disease Dynamics
Background:
- The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic in 2020, with rapid spread across the Middle East.
- Saudi Arabia reported its first COVID-19 case in March 2020, becoming a significantly affected country in the region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the epidemiological trends of COVID-19 spread, recovery rates, and mortality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- To identify patterns in disease propagation to aid in developing effective pandemic-fighting strategies.
Main Methods:
- Data collection from the official Ministry of Health website for 13 provinces in Saudi Arabia.
- Analysis of infection rates, recovery, and mortality from March to September 2020.
- Graphical representation of data to illustrate the spread and trends of COVID-19.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 cases were present in most provinces by March 2020, with Makkah (30.7%) and Riyadh (23%) having the highest case numbers.
- Tabuk province showed the highest recovery rate (97.8%), while Makkah had the highest mortality rate (2.6%).
- The peak in confirmed cases occurred in June-July 2020, with a decline observed across all provinces by September 2020.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 spread rapidly throughout Saudi Arabia, with distinct regional variations in case distribution, recovery, and mortality.
- Understanding these patterns, alongside regional climatic and demographic factors, is crucial for refining pandemic control measures.
- Collaborative efforts integrating international guidelines are essential to effectively manage and overcome the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract:
The World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19, a novel coronavirus outbreak, as a pandemic in 2020. In the month of February 2020, the disease began to spread through the Middle East. The first case of COVID-19 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was identified in March 2020, and it is now one of the region's most affected countries. Analyzing the disease's propagation pattern may aid in the development of pandemic-fighting strategies. This study aims to analyze the trend of COVID-19's spread, its recovery, and mortality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Two to three major cities from the 13 provinces of the country were chosen, and the rate of infection recovery was recorded from the first month until the number of confirmed cases showed a decline. The data published on the official Ministry of Health website were recorded on an Excel sheet, graphically represented as figures to indicate the pattern of spread. According to the study's findings, COVID-19 positive cases were discovered in the majority of provinces as early as March 2020. The province of Makkah had the largest number of COVID-19 positive cases (30.7%), followed by Riyadh (23%). The province of Al Jowf had the lowest number of COVID-19 cases (0.3%). Tabuk province had the highest rate of recovery (97.8%), followed by the Northern Border Province (96.7%). Makkah province had the highest mortality rate (2.6%), followed by Al Jawf province (2.4%). The peak case-fatality ratio was recorded in August and September. The highest number of tests to detect the COVID-19 was performed in the month of July, and the highest percentage of positive cases was detected in June (19.55%). All the provinces from the month of September 2020 showed a progressive decline in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. According to this study, COVID-19 infection was found in the majority of Saudi Arabian provinces in March 2020, with a peak in June-July 2020. Considering the climatic and demographic characteristics of the region, specific modalities need to be adopted in collaboration with international guidelines to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic.
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