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Multi-Objective Optimization and Performance Characterization of Asphalt Modified by Nanocomposite Flame-Retardant
Jiaqi Li1,2, Zhaoyi He3, Le Yu1
1School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2021
Summary
This study developed a novel nanocomposite flame retardant for asphalt pavement, enhancing fire safety and low-temperature performance. The optimized formula improves high-temperature properties and reduces smoke emission, making tunnels safer.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Civil Engineering
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Tunnel asphalt pavements require enhanced fire safety to prevent catastrophic failures.
- Conventional flame retardants can negatively impact asphalt's low-temperature crack resistance.
- Developing effective smoke suppressants and flame retardants is crucial for infrastructure safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and optimize a nanocomposite flame retardant for styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer modified asphalt (SBS-MA).
- To improve the fire safety, smoke suppression, and low-temperature performance of asphalt pavement.
- To investigate the synergistic effects of aluminum hydroxide (ATH), diethyl aluminum hypophosphite (ADP), and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs).
Main Methods:
- Utilized response surface methodology to optimize the composition of ATH, ADP, and HNTs.
- Evaluated physical properties (penetration, softening point, ductility) and static flame retardant properties (LOI, ignition point).
- Assessed rheological properties using Dynamic Shear Rheometer, Multiple Stress Creep, Force Ductility Tester, and Bending Beam Rheometer; Cone calorimeter tests for fire performance.
Main Results:
- The optimal nanocomposite flame retardant formulation (ATH:ADP:HNTs = 3:5:1, total 9 wt%) significantly enhanced high-temperature performance and reduced penetration.
- Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) mitigated the negative effects of flame retardants on low-temperature asphalt performance.
- The nanocomposite flame retardant improved flame retardancy, smoke suppression, rutting factor, and cracking factor while reducing irrecoverable creep compliance.
Conclusions:
- The developed nanocomposite flame retardant effectively improves the fire safety and overall performance of asphalt pavement.
- This formulation addresses the limitations of conventional flame retardants by preserving low-temperature properties.
- The study provides a viable solution for enhancing tunnel asphalt pavement safety under fire conditions.
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