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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

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The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
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Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Physiological Factors:
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Occupational Risk Factors and Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

Emanuela Spadarella1, Veruscka Leso1, Luca Fontana1

  • 1Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80121 Naples, Italy.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|August 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Occupational factors may increase the risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP). Job-strain showed a positive association with HDP risk in pregnant workers, but more research is needed.

Keywords:
maternal employmentpreeclampsiarisk assessment and managementwomen at workworkplace conditions

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational health
  • Reproductive health
  • Public health

Background:

  • Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, are significant causes of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the impact of occupational factors on HDP risk is crucial for protecting pregnant workers' health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize evidence on the association between occupational factors and the risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP).
  • To test the hypothesis that workplace exposures influence HDP development in pregnant employees.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of observational studies published in English, identified through MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge (up to April 1, 2021).
  • Inclusion criteria: studies with >10 pregnant workers, focusing on occupational risk factors (chemical, physical, biological, organizational).
  • Evidence quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Main Results:

  • Out of 745 records, 27 studies were eligible for review.
  • No definitive conclusions for most occupational risk factors due to limited data.
  • A positive association was observed between job-strain and an increased risk of HDP.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence is insufficient to draw firm conclusions for most occupational risk factors and HDP.
  • Job-strain may be associated with a higher risk of HDP in pregnant workers.
  • Further research needs to address limitations in characterizing workplace exposures and consider personal factors to better assess and manage occupational risks.