Perioperative Hypothermia-A Narrative Review

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Perioperative Medicine
• Surgical Patient Care

Background:

• Unintentional hypothermia (core temperature < 36 °C) frequently occurs during surgery.
• Factors influencing core temperature include patient characteristics, anesthesia, and surgical details.
• Perioperative hypothermia adversely affects coagulation, drug metabolism, infection risk, and recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To emphasize the necessity of active temperature management throughout the perioperative period.
• To highlight the negative consequences of hypothermia on surgical outcomes.
• To advocate for individualized and comprehensive perioperative warming strategies.

Main Methods:

• Continuous and accurate core temperature monitoring is essential.
• Implementation of a bundle of warming interventions tailored to patient needs.
• Utilizing warming blankets, mattresses, and warmed intravenous fluids.

Main Results:

• Active temperature management reduces risks associated with perioperative hypothermia.
• Warmed infusions and external warming devices are key components of effective management.
• Checklists and individualized approaches enhance the safety and efficacy of warming protocols.

Conclusions:

• Active perioperative temperature management is vital for patient safety and optimal surgical outcomes.
• A multimodal approach incorporating accurate monitoring and tailored warming interventions is recommended.
• Individualized care plans considering patient needs and available resources are critical for preventing hypothermia.