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The Gut-Brain Axis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Current and Future Perspectives
Claudia Günther1, Veit Rothhammer2, Marisa Karow3
1Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
The gut-brain axis links gut health to brain function, impacting neurological and gastrointestinal diseases. Understanding this connection is key for developing new treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases and neurodegenerative conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurogastroenterology
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- The gut-brain axis involves bidirectional communication via neural, hormonal, metabolic, immunological, and microbial signals.
- Evidence links inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions.
- Neurological disorders are associated with intestinal environment changes, indicating gut-brain communication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on the gut-brain axis in IBD, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation.
- To highlight the clinical and biological significance of this axis.
- To discuss novel preclinical models for understanding gut-brain mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical, epidemiological, and experimental data.
- Analysis of recent research on the gut-brain axis.
- Focus on human-specific preclinical models.
Main Results:
- IBD predisposes individuals to central nervous system pathologies.
- Gut-brain axis dysregulation is implicated in both gastrointestinal and neurological diseases.
- Molecular mechanisms underlying the gut-brain axis remain incompletely defined.
Conclusions:
- The gut-brain axis plays a critical role in diseases affecting both the gut and brain.
- Precision medicine necessitates considering non-intestinal symptoms in IBD.
- Further research using advanced models is needed to elucidate gut-brain communication pathways.
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