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The Role of Biomarkers in Atherothrombotic Stroke-A Systematic Review

Sebastian Andone1,2, Zoltan Bajko2,3, Anca Motataianu2,3

  • 1Doctoral School, 'George Emil Palade' University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This review identifies 23 potential biomarkers for atherothrombotic stroke, aiding in risk stratification and prognosis prediction. These biological markers offer supplementary diagnostic value alongside traditional neuroimaging.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability and mortality worldwide.
  • Atherosclerosis, characterized by plaque buildup, is a primary cause of atherothrombotic stroke.
  • Biological biomarkers are increasingly recognized for their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential in stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compile a comprehensive list of potential biomarkers associated with atherothrombotic stroke.
  • To evaluate the identified biomarkers' roles as risk factors, diagnostic tools, prognostic predictors, and therapeutic targets.
  • To explore the utility of biomarkers in risk stratification for pre-stroke patients and prognosis prediction for stroke survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review to identify relevant biomarkers.
  • Assessment of 23 identified biomarkers based on their roles in atherothrombotic stroke.
  • Analysis of biomarker utility in risk stratification, prognosis, and acute phase treatment.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three potential biomarkers for atherothrombotic stroke were identified.
  • Biomarkers show significant potential for risk stratification, particularly in asymptomatic individuals.
  • These markers offer predictive capabilities for both short-term and long-term stroke prognosis and may inform acute treatments like rt-PA thrombolysis.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarkers are valuable tools for understanding atherothrombotic stroke etiology and progression.
  • While not yet replacing neuroimaging, biomarkers can serve as complementary diagnostic aids.
  • Future research is expected to further establish the clinical utility of these biomarkers in stroke management.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisatherothromboticbiomarkersstroke

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