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Mumps outbreak among fully vaccinated school-age children and young adults, Portugal 2019/2020

Mariana Perez Duque1,2, Ana San-Bento1,3, Lourdes Léon3

  • 1Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal.

Epidemiology and Infection
|August 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Mumps outbreaks can occur in vaccinated children and young adults, even with high MMR vaccine coverage. Waning immunity or new virus strains may explain these outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mumps is a contagious viral illness.
  • The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is highly effective.
  • Outbreaks can still occur despite high vaccination rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a mumps outbreak in a community.
  • To identify the causative agent and genotype of the mumps virus.
  • To explore reasons for the outbreak despite high vaccine coverage.

Main Methods:

  • Case identification and data collection from suspected mumps cases.
  • Laboratory confirmation of mumps virus infection.
  • Viral sequencing to determine the mumps virus genotype.

Main Results:

  • Four suspected mumps cases were initially reported, linked to a school and football club.
  • Fourteen cases were included in the study, with laboratory confirmation of mumps virus.
  • Mumps virus genotype G was identified through sequencing.

Conclusions:

  • Mumps outbreaks are possible in highly vaccinated populations.
  • Waning immunity may contribute to mumps outbreaks in children and young adults.
  • Discordant mumps virus strains could be another factor in outbreak occurrence.
Keywords:
MMR vaccinationMumpsOutbreaksVaccine preventable diseasesVirology

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