[A decade of checkpoint inhibitors: current standard of care and future trends]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Cancer Treatment

Background:

• Checkpoint inhibitors have transformed cancer therapy since their first approval in 2011.
• Their application has expanded beyond melanoma to various hematologic and oncologic diseases.
• Increasing research explores combination therapies and adjuvant treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and emerging treatment strategies utilizing checkpoint inhibitors.
• To discuss the efficacy of monotherapy versus combination therapies.
• To highlight the role of checkpoint inhibitors in (neo)-adjuvant settings.
• To examine important biomarkers predictive of treatment response.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of clinical trials and research studies on checkpoint inhibitors.
• Analysis of treatment outcomes for monotherapy, combination therapy, and adjuvant approaches.
• Discussion of biomarker research relevant to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Main Results:

• Checkpoint inhibitors are effective as monotherapy and in combination regimens for advanced cancers.
• Evidence supports their use in (neo)-adjuvant settings, improving patient outcomes.
• Various biomarkers are crucial for predicting patient response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Conclusions:

• Checkpoint inhibitors represent a significant advancement in cancer treatment, offering versatile therapeutic options.
• Combination strategies and adjuvant therapies show promise for broader clinical application.
• Biomarker identification remains critical for optimizing patient selection and treatment efficacy.