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Emese Kroon1,2, Lauren Kuhns3,4, Janna Cousijn3,4,5

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Cannabis users showed altered brain activity during working memory tasks with cannabis cues, suggesting unique processing of these stimuli. This may impact cognitive control and contribute to cannabis use disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Cognitive control deficits in tempting situations are linked to cannabis use disorders.
  • The influence of cannabis cues on cognitive control and neural mechanisms in users remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how distracting cannabis words affect working memory (WM) performance and brain activity in near-daily cannabis users versus controls.
  • Investigate the neural correlates of cognitive control under the influence of cannabis-related cues.

Main Methods:

  • A novel N-back flanker working memory task was employed.
  • Brain activity was recorded during the task, incorporating neutral and cannabis flankers as distractors.
  • Participants included near-daily cannabis users (N=36) and controls (N=33).

Main Results:

  • Behaviorally, working memory performance was comparable between cannabis users and controls.
  • The presence of cannabis flankers did not impact task performance in either group.
  • Cannabis users exhibited reduced WM load-related brain activity in regions like the insula and thalamus when exposed to cannabis cues, compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabis users process cannabis-related cues differently than controls, potentially interfering with cognitive processes under demanding conditions.
  • These findings suggest altered neural responses to cannabis cues may contribute to cognitive impairments in heavy users.
  • Further research should explore the role of context in cognitive control and attention to understand cannabis use disorder mechanisms.