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Insomnia severity and its correlates among English as a second language (ESL) college students
1Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
Objective:
Little is known about insomnia characteristics among the English as a second language (ESL) student population. This study compared insomnia severity between ESL students and English native-speaking students and identified correlates of insomnia in the ESL population.
Participants:
College students (N = 352) from a private university in the Northeastern United States, including 22.4% (N = 79) ESL students.
Methods:
For this cross-sectional study, participants completed the Insomnia Severity Index and indices of common risk factors of insomnia along with acculturation and language anxiety.
Results:
ESL students reported higher insomnia severity than their US counterparts after controlling for depression, anxiety, and demographics. General anxiety, language anxiety, and cognitive pre-sleep arousal were selected as the strongest predictors of insomnia among the ESL population.
Conclusions:
Findings suggest that ESL college group is vulnerable to greater insomnia, and language anxiety is unique and important correlate of insomnia in this population.
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