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Microstructured Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Tooth Germ Bioengineering.

Sol Park1, Naomi W Y Huang2, Cheryl X Y Wong2

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Pharmacy and Bank Building A15, Science Road, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel hydrogel scaffold using methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) to bioengineer human tooth germs. This scaffold supports cell viability and signaling, paving the way for improved tooth regeneration strategies.

Keywords:
epithelial–mesenchymal interactionhuman dental pulp stem cellshyaluronic acidhydrogelsoft lithographytooth development

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Bioengineering

Background:

  • Tooth loss negatively impacts masticatory, speech, psychological health, and quality of life.
  • Current tooth replacement options (dentures, bridges, implants) are artificial and have limitations.
  • Bioengineering teeth offers a promising alternative to artificial replacements, but controlling size and shape is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microstructured hydrogel scaffold for bioengineering human tooth germs in vitro.
  • To assess the scaffold's ability to support cell viability and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
  • To investigate the potential of the scaffold for controlled tooth regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) hydrogel.
  • Microstructuring of MeHA hydrogel in a microwell array using soft lithography.
  • Seeding human adult low calcium high temperature (HaCaT) cells and encapsulating dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) within the hydrogel scaffold.

Main Results:

  • The MeHA hydrogel microwell scaffold mimicked the shape of a developing human tooth germ.
  • The hydrogel scaffold successfully preserved the viability of both HaCaT cells and DPSCs.
  • The scaffold promoted signaling and proliferation between epithelial and mesenchymal cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MeHA hydrogel scaffold provides a promising system for in vitro bioengineering of human tooth germs.
  • This approach supports essential cellular interactions required for tooth development.
  • Further research may lead to advanced tooth regeneration therapies.