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Executive dysfunction after multiple concussions is not related to cerebrovascular dysfunction.

Erin D Ozturk1, Mary Alexis Iaccarino2,3,4, Jason W Hamner1

  • 1Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.

Physiological Measurement
|August 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prior concussion history, not current symptoms, significantly impacts working memory (WM) capacity in young adults. Repeated concussions may lead to lasting cognitive deficits, even after symptoms resolve.

Keywords:
adolescenceconcussionneurovascular coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sports Medicine
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Concussions can lead to persistent cognitive deficits, but the impact of prior concussion history is not well understood.
  • Understanding the long-term effects of concussion is crucial for managing recovery and preventing future issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between prior concussion history and working memory (WM) capacity in adolescents and young adults.
  • To assess self-reported cognitive symptom burden and cerebrovascular function in relation to concussion history.
  • To determine if WM deficits persist after overt symptoms resolve.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 59 participants (34 concussed, 25 controls) aged 14-21.
  • Assessed working memory using the n-back task and neurovascular coupling via transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.
  • Studied concussed participants at baseline (within 28 days) and 8 weeks post-injury; controls assessed once.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in WM between concussed and control groups overall.
  • WM capacity was significantly lower in participants with ≥3 prior concussions compared to first-time concussions and controls.
  • WM performance did not differ 8 weeks post-injury, despite symptom resolution; neurovascular coupling remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • A history of prior concussion, particularly multiple injuries, is associated with significant working memory deficits.
  • These working memory deficits can persist beyond the resolution of self-reported cognitive symptoms.
  • Neurovascular coupling appears unaffected by concussion history in this age group.