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Related Concept Videos

Pipe Flowrate Measurement01:28

Pipe Flowrate Measurement

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In pipe flow measurement, orifice, nozzle, and Venturi meters are commonly used to determine fluid flowrates by constricting the flow area, which increases fluid velocity and reduces pressure. This pressure difference, governed by Bernoulli's principle and adjusted for real-world conditions, is essential for calculating flowrate. Each meter type is suited to specific applications based on accuracy, efficiency, and compatibility with various flow conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition
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A Rapid Prototyped Thermal Mass Flowmeter.

Borut Pečar1, Danilo Vrtačnik1, Matic Pavlin1

  • 1Laboratory of Microsensor Structures and Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new rapid prototyping method embeds microcomponents in PDMS for thermal mass flowmeters. The sensor-heater-sensor configuration offers precise low flowrate control (0-90 µL·min⁻¹) for micropump applications.

Keywords:
COMSOLcalorimetrichot wirenumerical simulationrapid prototypingthermal mass flowmeter

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Rapid Prototyping
  • Thermal Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate flow rate control is critical for micropump systems.
  • Existing microfabrication techniques can be complex and costly.
  • Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a versatile material for microfluidic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative rapid prototyping technique for embedding microcomponents in PDMS.
  • To apply this technique to create a thermal mass flowmeter for micropump flow rate control.
  • To investigate the performance of different flowmeter configurations for precise low flow rate measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel rapid prototyping method for microcomponent integration in PDMS.
  • Utilized a 3-D fully coupled electro-thermal-fluidic model (Comsol Multiphysics 5.2) for design optimization.
  • Characterized the thermal mass flowmeter in three distinct measuring configurations.

Main Results:

  • The sensor-heater-sensor configuration proved most suitable for low flow rate applications.
  • Achieved a measuring range of 0 to 90 µL·min⁻¹.
  • Demonstrated a sensitivity of 1.3 °C·µL⁻¹·min in the 0 to 40 µL·min⁻¹ range.

Conclusions:

  • The developed rapid prototyping technique enables effective microcomponent embedding in PDMS.
  • The optimized thermal mass flowmeter provides precise control for low flow rate micropump applications.
  • The sensor-heater-sensor configuration is recommended for high-sensitivity, low-flow measurements.