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A Pressure-Pad-Embedded Treadmill Yields Time-Dependent Errors in Estimating Ground Reaction Force during Walking.

Prabhat Pathak1, Jooeun Ahn1,2

  • 1Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The Zebris treadmill shows declining vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) measurements over time, indicating unreliability for extended walking analysis. A 10-minute rest is insufficient for sensor recovery, necessitating error correction models.

Keywords:
Zebris treadmillcapacitive sensorscurve-fitting modelestimation errorsmeasurement reliabilityvertical ground reaction force (VGRF)walking

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Analysis
  • Clinical Biomechanics

Background:

  • Accurate vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) measurement is crucial for biomechanical and clinical research.
  • Pressure-pad treadmills offer a cost-effective alternative to force platforms for VGRF assessment.
  • Previous studies suggest Zebris treadmill reliability for short-duration peak VGRF measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term temporal stability and reliability of VGRF measurements using the Zebris treadmill during prolonged walking.
  • To investigate the impact of extended use on sensor sensitivity and VGRF data accuracy.
  • To develop a method for correcting time-dependent VGRF measurement errors.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty participants completed two 10-minute walking trials on a Zebris treadmill, with a 10-minute rest period between trials.
  • Vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF) and impulse were recorded throughout the walking sessions.
  • Kinematic data were collected to formulate a curve-fitting model for error correction using the impulse-momentum theorem.

Main Results:

  • A significant decline in measured VGRF and impulse was observed over the 10-minute walking duration in both trials.
  • The Zebris system consistently underestimated VGRF during the second trial compared to the first.
  • Sensor sensitivity appeared to decrease over time, leading to measurement inaccuracies.

Conclusions:

  • The Zebris treadmill demonstrates unreliability for measuring VGRF during extended walking sessions due to time-dependent errors.
  • A 10-minute rest period is inadequate for the embedded sensors to fully recover their measurement sensitivity.
  • A novel curve-fitting model, integrating the impulse-momentum theorem and kinematics, can effectively correct for these observed VGRF estimation errors.