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Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Evaluation of the Curing of Adhesive Systems by Rheological and Thermal Testing
Published on: July 3, 2020
Shelf Life and Storage Conditions of Universal Adhesives: A Literature Review
Georgi Iliev1, Louis Hardan2, Cynthia Kassis2
1Department of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Abstract:
This paper presents state of the art universal adhesive systems and the effect of shelf-life and storage conditions on their bond performance. Three topics are explored in this review: an introduction to the topic, the mechanisms responsible for the degradation of the hybrid layer, and the factors that play a role in the stability of universal adhesives. In addition, issues such as potential durability and clinical importance are discussed. Universal adhesive systems are promising but must be handled and stored according to the manufacturer's instructions, with careful attention given to the details of shelf-life and storage conditions for maximal success. It appears that the components of universal adhesives play an important role in their stability. Furthermore, HEMA-free formulations using methacrylamides lead to longer shelf-life. Further research is needed to prove these hypotheses.
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