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Estimating the burden of pediatric HIV in an 'A' category district in India: an epidemiological study

Anju Sinha1, Reynold Washington2, Rajeev Sethumadhavan3

  • 1Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. apradhandr@gmail.com.

BMC Pediatrics
|August 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

India

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • India lacks comprehensive epidemiological data on pediatric HIV burden.
  • Early HIV detection in children is critical to prevent mortality and developmental issues.
  • National AIDS Control Program (NACP) estimates are based on adult HIV prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the disease burden of pediatric HIV in a high-prevalence district in India.
  • To provide accurate HIV prevalence data for children under 15.
  • To inform targeted interventions for pediatric HIV in the region.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a novel three-pronged strategy combining cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches.
  • Calculated pediatric HIV burden using detected cases and a net inflation factor.
  • Focused on an 'A' category district with >1% general population HIV prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Estimated 3266 HIV-positive children (<15 years) in the district, with a prevalence of 0.23% (95% CI: 0.19-0.30).
  • Children constituted 10.4% (95% CI: 8.6-13.5%) of all people living with HIV in the district.
  • The study's HIV prevalence estimate for children is significantly higher than NACP and state estimates.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a higher pediatric HIV prevalence than previously estimated in India.
  • The findings highlight the need for improved surveillance and early detection strategies for pediatric HIV.
  • The methodology is adaptable for estimating disease burden in other settings and conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
BurdenEstimationPediatric HIVPrevalence

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