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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol
19:32

Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol

Published on: February 18, 2012

28.7K

Structural and functional connectivity in premature neonates.

Rebecca G Brenner1, Muriah D Wheelock2, Jeffrey J Neil3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.

Seminars in Perinatology
|August 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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Functional Organization of the Neonatal Basal Ganglia and Thalamus.

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Commonality and variability in functional networks in children under 5 years old.

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When services start: A pilot study of parent perspectives on early intervention timing for very preterm infants.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging reveals how preterm infant brain connectivity changes impact long-term neurodevelopmental deficits. Optimizing brain imaging techniques is crucial for predicting outcomes in high-risk preterm populations.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Preterm infants face high risks of neurodevelopmental impairments, including sensory, motor, cognitive, and psychiatric deficits.
  • Alterations in brain development are suspected to underlie these long-term challenges.
  • Neuroimaging offers a window into brain development in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in studying preterm brain development.
  • To examine the link between neonatal brain connectivity and later neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.
  • To identify areas for improvement in neuroimaging acquisition and analysis for preterm populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature utilizing advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques.
Keywords:
Brain DevelopmentFunctional and Structural ConnectivityMRINeurodevelopmental OutcomesPrematurity

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  • Diffusion MRI to assess structural connectivity.
  • Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to evaluate functional connectivity.
  • Analysis of neonatal brain connectivity in relation to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Advanced MRI techniques are increasingly used to study structural and functional brain connectivity in preterm infants.
    • Neonatal brain connectivity measures show associations with long-term neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.
    • The presence or absence of brain injury influences connectivity patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Continued optimization of age-specific MRI acquisition and analysis techniques is essential.
    • Advancements are needed to establish individual-level predictive capabilities for preterm infants.
    • This research is fundamental to improving long-term outcomes for high-risk preterm populations.