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Circulation weather types and hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Changchun, China
Jiangping Li1, Yuxia Ma2, Bowen Cheng1
1Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Insights
Weather patterns significantly impact cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, with younger men facing the highest risk. Cold, dry northerly weather and hot, humid southwesterly conditions increase CVD incidence, particularly in men.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant global health burden, with increasing evidence linking environmental factors like weather to its incidence.
- Understanding the specific impact of weather conditions on CVD is crucial for public health interventions, especially in diverse climatic regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between distinct weather circulation types and cardiovascular disease hospital admissions in Changchun, China.
- To identify specific weather patterns that elevate CVD risk and to analyze demographic variations in susceptibility.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 13 Circulation Weather Types (CWTs) and their frequency distributions.
- Comparison of hospital admission data with air mass classification using an Admission Index (AI) across different demographic groups.
- Statistical analysis to determine the temporal relationship between weather types and CVD events.
Main Results:
- Younger men exhibited the highest risk of CVD. Overall CVD risk was elevated under Southwesterly (SW) and Northerly (N) CWTs, and lowest under Anticyclone (A) CWT.
- Northerly (N) CWT (cold, dry) showed the strongest association with increased CVD incidence, with a 2-day lag effect on AI.
- Southwesterly (SW) CWT (humid, hot) was the second most associated with CVD, peaking on the day of occurrence.
Conclusions:
- Weather conditions, particularly N and SW CWTs, significantly influence cardiovascular disease risk in Changchun.
- Men and younger populations appear more vulnerable to weather-related CVD events.
- Findings provide a basis for developing targeted public health strategies to mitigate weather-associated CVD risks.
Abstract:
Epidemiological studies have reported significant associations between weather situations and health. Cardiovascular disease is a serious chronic non-communicable disease which causes mortality and morbidity, bringing large economic burden to patients' families. This study explored the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and weather conditions in Changchun, northeast China. The frequency distributions of 13 main circulation weather types (CWTs) were analyzed, and a comparison between air mass classification and hospital admissions was performed for various groups using an admission index (AI). The results indicated that women had a lower risk of CVD than men did. The risk of CVD for older people (aged ≥ 65 years) was lower than that for young people (aged < 65 years). Younger men had the highest risk. The risks of CVD were higher in all groups (i.e., men, women, older, and younger) under southwesterly (SW) and northerly (N) CWTs and were lowest under the anticyclone (A) CWT. The risk of CVD among men was higher than that for women under these CWTs. N type circulation is characterized by cold, dry weather and was most closely associated with an increased incidence of CVD. The most significant effect of N type circulation on AI was observed with a delay of 2 days. SW type circulation is characterized by humid, hot weather and was the CWT that was second most closely associated with an increased incidence of CVD, with a peak in AI on the day that SW type circulation occurred. The results of this study could be provided to local health authorities as scientific guidelines for controlling and preventing CVD in Changchun, China.
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