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Predicting syntactic structure.

Fernanda Ferreira1, Zhuang Qiu1

  • 1University of California, Davis, United States.

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|August 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores syntactic prediction in language processing, highlighting how comprehenders anticipate grammatical structures. It examines evidence for predicting various syntactic forms and discusses implications for language architecture.

Keywords:
Language processingPredictionPsycholinguisticsReadingSyntax

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Syntactic prediction is a key area in psycholinguistics, with a historical focus on semantic rather than syntactic aspects.
  • Influential parsing models, from left-corner parsers to information-theoretic approaches, assume comprehenders can anticipate syntactic structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for syntactic prediction in language comprehension.
  • To explore the role of probabilistic prediction in parsing.
  • To discuss the implications of syntactic prediction for language architecture.

Main Methods:

  • Review of influential parsing models (e.g., left-corner, garden-path, information-theoretic).
  • Examination of empirical evidence for predicting specific syntactic forms (e.g., clauses, noun phrases, verb arguments).
  • Analysis of studies using morphosyntactic constraints to infer semantic predictions.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the ability of comprehenders to predict upcoming syntactic nodes and structures.
  • Studies demonstrate prediction of various syntactic elements, including clauses, noun phrases, and verb arguments.
  • Morphosyntactic cues are utilized to assess the nature of semantic predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Syntactic prediction plays a significant role in language processing and comprehension.
  • Understanding syntactic prediction offers insights into the architecture of the language faculty.
  • Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms and scope of syntactic prediction.