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Observational study: handgrip strength, body composition and diabetes mellitus
Naomi Suda1, Chrispin Manda2, Joshua Gallagher3
1School of Medicine and Medical Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
BMC Research Notes
|August 29, 2021
Summary
Handgrip strength, a measure of physical fitness, is linked to a lower risk of developing diabetes and prediabetes. This association holds true whether adjusted by body mass index (BMI) or fat-free mass (FFM).
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Health
- Musculoskeletal Health
Background:
- Relative handgrip strength, calculated as handgrip measure divided by body mass index (BMI), has been associated with the future onset of diabetes and prediabetes.
- Fat-free mass (FFM) has been proposed as a potentially better covariate than BMI for adjusting handgrip strength measurements.
- The comparative effectiveness of BMI versus FFM in adjusting the relationship between handgrip strength and diabetes requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the applicability of models that adjust the handgrip-diabetes relationship using either BMI or FFM.
- To compare the predictive power of BMI-adjusted versus FFM-adjusted handgrip strength in relation to diabetes and prediabetes.
- To determine the optimal covariate for assessing the association between handgrip strength and metabolic disorders.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 1940 participants (56.2% male, average age 57.2 years) was analyzed.
- Handgrip strength was measured, and participants were categorized based on diabetes (DM) and prediabetes (pre-DM) status.
- Binary logistic regression models were employed, adjusting for medical and lifestyle factors, comparing models using BMI and FFM.
Main Results:
- A significant inverse association was observed between handgrip strength and the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in both sexes.
- Increased handgrip strength was linked to a reduced likelihood of having prediabetes or diabetes, regardless of whether BMI or FFM was used for adjustment.
- Both BMI- and FFM-adjusted models detected the protective effect of handgrip strength against diabetes and prediabetes.
Conclusions:
- Handgrip strength is a significant predictor of diabetes and prediabetes risk.
- Both BMI and FFM are viable covariates for adjusting handgrip strength in relation to metabolic health.
- The choice between BMI and FFM for adjustment should be guided by specific research objectives, context, and methodological considerations.
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