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Updated: Oct 22, 2025
Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
Published on: February 9, 2022
Influence of water immersion on the airway impedance measured by forced oscillation technique
Daisuke Hoshi1, Marina Fukuie1, Shinsuke Tamai2
1Doctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Introduction:
Few studies have examined the influence of different water depths on the airway impedance measured by forced oscillation technique in healthy adults.
Methods:
Eleven healthy men (23.2 ± 1.5 years old) participated in this study. We measured the respiratory impedance assessed with the resistance at frequency of 5 Hz and 20 Hz, the reactance at frequency of 5 Hz, and frequency of resonance. To compare the influence of water depths, we carried out one dryland (DL) and two water level conditions: clavicle level (CL) and xiphoid appendix level (XA).
Results:
The respiratory resistance at frequency of 5 Hz was higher in CL and XA than DL, and at 20 Hz was significantly higher in CL than DL. The respiratory reactance at 5 Hz was lower in CL and XA than DL, and frequency of resonance was higher in CL and XA than DL.
Conclusion:
These results suggested that water immersion above xiphoid appendix level increase airway resistance.
