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Published on: August 7, 2017
Determination of predictive risk factors for severe bronchiolitis
Muhammed Nebi Caliskan1, Mehmet Tekin1, Capan Konca1
1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
Insights
Predictive factors for severe bronchiolitis in infants include low weight-for-age z-scores, frequent previous attacks, and low hemoglobin levels. Short time from symptom onset to admission also increases severe illness risk.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants.
- Identifying risk factors for severe disease is crucial for timely intervention.
- This study focuses on predicting severe bronchiolitis in children without prior chronic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify predictive risk factors for severe bronchiolitis development.
- To analyze factors associated with disease severity in hospitalized infants.
- To inform clinical assessment and management strategies for acute bronchiolitis.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 440 children aged 1-24 months hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis.
- Data collected between February 2018 and February 2019.
- Analysis included weight-for-age z-scores, history of bronchiolitis, hemoglobin levels, and symptom-to-admission time.
Main Results:
- Eighty-five cases (19.3%) were classified as severe bronchiolitis.
- Severe cases showed lower weight-for-age z-scores, lower hemoglobin, and shorter symptom-to-admission intervals.
- Higher frequency of prior bronchiolitis attacks was noted in the severe group.
- Logistic regression identified low weight-for-age z-score, short symptom-to-admission duration, frequent prior attacks, and low hemoglobin as significant risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Low weight-for-age z-scores, short symptom-to-admission intervals, and low hemoglobin levels are independent predictors of severe bronchiolitis.
- A history of frequent bronchiolitis attacks is a significant risk factor for developing severe disease.
- These findings aid in identifying infants at higher risk for severe outcomes.
Background:
The aim of this study was to determine the predictive risk factors for development of severe bronchiolitis in patients with acute bronchiolitis with no previous chronic disease.
Methods:
Four hundred forty children aged 1-24 months hospitalised with acute bronchiolitis, were examined between February 2018 and February 2019 in this prospective study.
Results:
Eighty-five cases were regarded as severe bronchiolitis and 355 as mild-moderate bronchiolitis. Statistically significant differences were observed between the severe and mild-moderate bronchiolitis groups in terms of weight-for-age z-scores, history of bronchiolitis, haemoglobin levels, and time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and admission. Weight-for-age z-scores, the mean time interval between the onset of symptoms and admission, and mean haemoglobin values were lower in the severe bronchiolitis group while the mean number of bronchiolitis attacks was higher than in the mild-moderate bronchiolitis group. Logistic regression analysis determined that a low weight-for-age z-score increased the risk of severe bronchiolitis development 0.56-fold (CI: 0.409-0.760), a short duration between the onset of symptoms and admission increased the risk 0.62-fold (CI: 0.519-0.735), a frequent history of bronchiolitis increased the risk 1.81-fold (CI: 1.135-2.968) and low haemoglobin levels increased the risk 0.72-fold (CI: 0.537-0.969).
Conclusion:
Low weight-for-age z-scores, a short duration between the onset of symptoms and admission, a high number of previous attacks and low haemoglobin levels were identified as independent parameters of severe bronchiolitis development.
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