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Surface electromyography for evaluating patients with oromandibular dystonia
Jae-Hyung Kim1, Byung-Gook Kim1, Yeong-Gwan Im1
1Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice
|August 30, 2021
Summary
Surface electromyography (EMG) effectively detects abnormal muscle activity in oromandibular dystonia (OMD). This objective method can aid in diagnosing OMD by identifying specific muscle contraction patterns and high resting amplitudes.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Clinical Electrophysiology
Background:
- Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a movement disorder affecting facial and jaw muscles.
- Understanding the myoelectric signal characteristics of OMD is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the myoelectric signals associated with dystonic activities in OMD patients.
- To evaluate the utility of surface electromyography (EMG) in characterizing OMD.
Main Methods:
- Surface EMG was used to monitor resting and active myoelectric signals.
- Muscles monitored included the superficial masseter, anterior temporalis, and anterior belly of the digastric muscle.
- Analysis focused on myoelectric signal amplitude, muscle contraction type (phasic, tonic, mixed), and contraction rate.
Main Results:
- Dystonic muscle activities were identified in 11 out of 12 subjects.
- Phasic contraction patterns were most common (8 subjects), followed by tonic (3 subjects) and mixed (1 subject).
- Synchronous muscle contractions and high resting amplitudes were frequently observed.
Conclusions:
- Surface EMG is a valuable tool for detecting abnormal muscle activities in OMD.
- Surface EMG offers an objective method for the diagnosis of oromandibular dystonia.
